EXCRETION IN HUMANS CLASS 10TH EXPLAIN AND EXCRETION IN PLANTS
What is excretion?
Every organism produces some wastes which are harmful for body, the process of removing these wastes is called excretion.
Excretion is an important process in maintaining the life. Different organisms uses different strategies for excretion.
In Humans there is a specialised function for excretion. Let us see that.
Excretion in Humans:
Human excretory system includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. Kidneys produces urine that urine goes to ureters then in urinary bladder where it is stored to release through the urethra.
KIDNEYS: Kidneys are a pair of bean shaped structures which are located in abdomen. Kidneys have small functional units called nephron. Each kidney have a multiple number of these nephron. These nephron produces urine and take it to ureters.
URETERS: Ureters are thin tubes which comes out of kidneys. Ureters takes urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder.
URINARY BLADDER: Urinary bladder is a bag like structure which stores urine until it is released through urethra.
URETHRA: Urethra is a tube which comes out from urinary bladder. When we urinate the bladder allows urine to pass through the urethra. It is also a route for sperms to come out.
The kidneys are connected with arteries, vein and capillaries. The waste product comes from the renal artery and goes into each nephron. Nephron have 3 parts Bowman's capsule, Glomerulus and a tubular part. The filtrate is collected by Bowman's capsule. Then it passes through the tubular part where there are clusters of capillaries which reabsorb the important substances like glucose, amino acid and salts and a major amount of water. These material goes from renal vein to other parts of the body. And the remaining waste material is collected in collecting duct. From collecting duct it goes in ureters and then to urinary bladder. Then it goes out from the urethra. This is the whole process of excretion in humans.
Excretion in Plants:
Plants doesn't have specialised organs for excretion like that of humans and animals. They do different processes for this. Plants produces different wastes like oxygen during the process of photosynthesis and carbon-dioxide during respiration. Excess water of plants is also released from stomatal pores and by transpiration.
Other wastes are stored in leaves which are to be fallen and in dead cells of the plants. Resins and gums are other wastes products. Also some waste is released in soil around them.
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