CCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASES

First we need to know about acids and bases.

What are Acids?

Acids are sour in taste. They change the colour of blue litmus to red. Acids releases H+ ions in water.

Bases are bitter in taste. They change the colour of red litmus to blue. Bases releases OH- ions in water.

HOW DO ACIDS REACT WITH METALS?

When an acid reacts with metal, it displaces hydrogen, which leads to formation of hydrogen gas and forms a compound of a salt.

Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas

Example: Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid → Magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas

Mg + HCL → MgCl₂ + H₂

HOW DO BASES REACT WITH METALS?

When base reacts with metal, to produce hydrogen gas and salt.

Base+ Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas

Example: Sodium Hydroxide + Zinc → Sodium Zincate + hydrogen gas

2NaOH + Zn → Na₂ZnO₂ + H₂

HOW DO ACIDS REACT WITH METAL CARBONATE / METAL HYDROGENCARBONATE

When acid reacts with metal carbonate/ metal hydrogencarbonate it produces salt, carbon-dioxide(CO₂) and water(H₂O).

Metal carbonate/Metal hydrogencarbonate + acid → Salt + CO₂ + H₂O

Example: Sodium carbonate + hydrochloric acid → Sodium chloride + CO₂ + H₂O

Na₂CO₃ + 2HCL → 2NaCl + CO₂ + H₂O

HOW DO ACIDS AND BASES REACTS WITH EACH OTHER

When acid reacts with base it produces salt and water. This reaction of acid and base to produce salt and water is called neutralisation reaction.

Base + Acid → Salt + Water

Example: Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid → Sodium chloride + H₂O

NaOH + HCL → NaCl + H₂O

HOW DO ACIDS REACT WITH METALLIC OXIDES

Metallic oxides are basic in nature. So when they reacts with acid both neutralizes and produces salt and water.

Metallic oxide + acid → salt + water

Example: Sodium oxide + hydrochloric acid → sodium chloride + water

Na₂O + 2HCL → 2NaCl + H₂O

HOW DO BASES REACT WITH NON-METALLIC OXIDES

Non-metallic oxides are acidic in nature. So when they reacts with base both neutralizes and produces salt and water.

Non-metallic oxide + base → salt + water

Example: Sodium hydroxide + carbon-dioxide → Sodium carbonate + water

2NaOH + CO₂ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

TO KNOW ABOUT TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS CLICK BELOW

Please Subscribe to get notification for new post.